Apache Kafka is an open source project used to publish and subscribe the messages based on the fault-tolerant messaging system.
It is fast, scalable and distributed by design. If you are a beginner to Kafka, or want to gain a better understanding on it, please refer to this link − www.javahubpoint.com/apache_kafka/
In this chapter, we are going to see how to implement the Apache Kafka in Spring Boot application.
First, we need to add the Spring Kafka dependency in our build configuration file.
Maven users can add the following dependency in the pom.xml file.
<groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
Gradle users can add the following dependency in the build.gradle file.
compile group: 'org.springframework.kafka', name: 'spring-kafka', version: '2.1.0.RELEASE'
Producing Messages
To produce messages into Apache Kafka, we need to define the Configuration class for Producer configuration as shown −
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.DefaultKafkaProducerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.ProducerFactory;
@Configuration
public class KafkaProducerConfig {
@Bean
public ProducerFactory<String, String> producerFactory() {
Map<String, Object> configProps = new HashMap<>();
configProps.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, "localhost:9092");
configProps.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
configProps.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
return new DefaultKafkaProducerFactory<>(configProps);
}
@Bean
public KafkaTemplate<String, String> kafkaTemplate() {
return new KafkaTemplate<>(producerFactory());
}
}
To publish a message, auto wire the Kafka Template object and produce the message as shown.
private KafkaTemplate<String, String> kafkaTemplate;
public void sendMessage(String msg) {
kafkaTemplate.send(topicName, msg);
}
Consuming a Message
To consume messages, we need to write a Consumer configuration class file as shown below.
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.EnableKafka;
import org.springframework.kafka.config.ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory;
@EnableKafka
@Configuration
public class KafkaConsumerConfig {
@Bean
public ConsumerFactory<String, String> consumerFactory() {
Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
props.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, "localhost:2181");
props.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, "group-id");
props.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
props.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(props);
}
@Bean
public ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> kafkaListenerContainerFactory() {
ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String>
factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
factory.setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory());
return factory;
}
}
Next, write a Listener to listen to the messages.
@KafkaListener(topics = "javahubpoint", groupId = "group-id")
public void listen(String message) {
System.out.println("Received Messasge in group - group-id: " + message);
}
Let us call the sendMessage() method from ApplicationRunner class run method from the main Spring Boot application class file and consume the message from the same class file.
Your main Spring Boot application class file code is given below −
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationArguments;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;
@SpringBootApplication
public class KafkaDemoApplication implements ApplicationRunner {
@Autowired
private KafkaTemplate<String, String> kafkaTemplate;
public void sendMessage(String msg) {
kafkaTemplate.send("javahubpoint", msg);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(KafkaDemoApplication.class, args);
}
@KafkaListener(topics = "javahubpoint", groupId = "group-id")
public void listen(String message) {
System.out.println("Received Messasge in group - group-id: " + message);
}
@Override
public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
sendMessage("Hi Welcome to Spring For Apache Kafka");
}
}
The code for complete build configuration file is given below.
Maven – pom.xml
<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.javahubpoint</groupId>
<artifactId>kafka-demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>kafka-demo</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
Gradle – build.gradle
ext {
springBootVersion = '1.5.9.RELEASE'
}
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
}
}
apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
group = 'com.javahubpoint'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = 1.8
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter')
compile group: 'org.springframework.kafka', name: 'spring-kafka', version: '2.1.0.RELEASE'
testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}
Now, create an executable JAR file, and run the Spring Boot application by using the below Maven or Gradle commands as shown −
For Maven, use the command as shown −
mvn clean install
After “BUILD SUCCESS”, you can find the JAR file under the target directory.
For Gradle, use the command as shown −
gradle clean build
After “BUILD SUCCESSFUL”, you can find the JAR file under the build/libs directory.
Run the JAR file by using the command given here −
java –jar <JARFILE>
You can see the output in console window.