Java 8 - Base64

Java 8 has introduced its new inbuilt encoder and decoder for Base64 encoding. In Java 8, we can use three types of Base64 encoding. It is present in java.util package.

• Simple − Output is mapped to a set of characters lying in A-Za-z0-9+/. The encoder does not add any line feed in output, and the decoder rejects any character other than A-Za-z0-9+/.

• URL − Output is mapped to set of characters lying in A-Za-z0-9+_. Output is URL and filename safe.

• MIME − Output is mapped to MIME friendly format. Output is represented in lines of no more than 76 characters each, and uses a carriage return '\r' followed by a linefeed '\n' as the line separator. No line separator is present to the end of the encoded output.

Nested Classes :-

Sr.No. Nested class & Description                                                                    

1         static class Base64.Encoder

                This class implements an encoder for encoding byte data using the Base64 encoding scheme                 as specified in RFC 4648 and RFC 2045.

2         static class Base64.Decoder

                This class implements a decoder for decoding byte data using the Base64 encoding                                 scheme  as specified in RFC 4648 and RFC 2045.

Methods :- 

Sr.No. Method Name & Description                                                                

1         static Base64.Encoder getEncoder()

                Returns a Base64.Encoder that encodes using the Basic type base64 encoding scheme.

2         static Base64.Decoder getDecoder()

                Returns a Base64.Decoder that decodes using the Basic type base64 encoding scheme.

3         static Base64.Decoder getMimeDecoder()

                Returns a Base64.Decoder that decodes using the MIME type base64 decoding scheme.

4         static Base64.Encoder getMimeEncoder()

                Returns a Base64.Encoder that encodes using the MIME type base64 encoding scheme.

5         static Base64.Encoder getMimeEncoder(int lineLength, byte[] lineSeparator)

                Returns a Base64.Encoder that encodes using the MIME type base64 encoding scheme with                    specified line length and line separators.

6         static Base64.Decoder getUrlDecoder()

                Returns a Base64.Decoder that decodes using the URL and Filename safe type base64                            encoding scheme.

7         static Base64.Encoder getUrlEncoder()

                Returns a Base64.Encoder that encodes using the URL and Filename safe type base64                            encoding scheme.

Methods Inherited :-

This class inherits methods from  java.lang.Object  class.

Base64 Example :-

Create the following Java program using any editor of your choice in say C:/> JAVA.

Java8Tester.java

import java.util.Base64;

import java.util.UUID;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

public class HelloWorld {

   public static void main(String args[]) {

      try {

         // Encode using basic encoder

         String base64encodedString = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(

            "javahubpoint?java8".getBytes("utf-8"));

         System.out.println("Base64 Encoded String (Basic) :" + base64encodedString);

         // Decode

         byte[] base64decodedBytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(base64encodedString);

         System.out.println("Original String: " + new String(base64decodedBytes, "utf-8"));

         base64encodedString = Base64.getUrlEncoder().encodeToString(

            "javahubpoint?java8".getBytes("utf-8"));

         System.out.println("Base64 Encoded String (URL) :" + base64encodedString);

         StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();

         for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {

            stringBuilder.append(UUID.randomUUID().toString());

         }

         byte[] mimeBytes = stringBuilder.toString().getBytes("utf-8");

         String mimeEncodedString = Base64.getMimeEncoder().encodeToString(mimeBytes);

         System.out.println("Base64 Encoded String (MIME) :" + mimeEncodedString);

      } catch(UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

         System.out.println("Error :" + e.getMessage());

      }

   }

}

Verify the Result :- 

1. Compile the class using javac compiler as follows −

C:\JAVA>javac Java8Tester.java

2. Now run the Java8Tester as follows −

C:\JAVA>java Java8Tester

It should produce the following output −

Base64 Encoded String (Basic) :VHV0b3JpYWxzUG9pbnQ/amF2YTg=

Original String: javahubpoint?java8

Base64 Encoded String (URL) :VHV0b3JpYWxzUG9pbnQ_amF2YTg=

Base64 Encoded String (MIME) :YmU3NWY2ODktNGM5YS00ODlmLWI2MTUtZTVkOTk2YzQ1Njk1Y2EwZTg2OTEtMmRiZC00YTQ1LWJl

NTctMTI1MWUwMTk0ZWQyNDE0NDAwYjgtYTYxOS00NDY5LTllYTctNjc1YzE3YWJhZTk1MTQ2MDQz

NDItOTAyOC00ZWI0LThlOTYtZWU5YzcwNWQyYzVhMTQxMWRjYTMtY2MwNi00MzU0LTg0MTgtNGQ1

MDkwYjdiMzg2ZTY0OWU5MmUtZmNkYS00YWEwLTg0MjQtYThiOTQxNDQ2YzhhNTVhYWExZjItNjU2

Mi00YmM4LTk2ZGYtMDE4YmY5ZDZhMjkwMzM3MWUzNDMtMmQ3MS00MDczLWI0Y2UtMTQxODE0MGU5

YjdmYTVlODUxYzItN2NmOS00N2UyLWIyODQtMThlMWVkYTY4M2Q1YjE3YTMyYmItZjllMS00MTFk

LWJiM2UtM2JhYzUxYzI5OWI4